Oxygen availability in the aggregation of offspring has been shown to be a critical fac- tor affecting the survival and development of embryos in aquatic systems. It is not yet known, how- ever, to what extent the capacity ...

Encapsulation is a common strategy observed among marine caenogastropods. Although the capsule confers protection for embryos, its rigidity and strength pose a significant challenge as the larvae hatch. The factors that ...

The coastal pelagic fish Normanichthys crockeri inhabits the southeast Pacific coast and is a monotypic species of the Normanichthyidae family. Its ecologically and economic importance, and the high fishing pressure it is ...

Sibling cannibalism is commonly observed in marine species. For instance, intrabrood cannibalism has been documented in marine gastropods with direct development, suggesting a relationship between embryo behavior and the ...

hell morphology in marine gastropods exhibits high intraspecific variability. Plasticity appears to be the most common response; however, additive genetic variance would explain a significant amount of morphological variance ...

Many marine gastropod species brood their embryos in thin-walled capsules to protect them during development. Despite its beneficial effects, encapsulation has two major constraints, nutrition and oxygen supply, which ...

Crepidula coquimbensis is a protandric marine gastropod with direct development and restricted mobility, which only inhabits inside of empty shells of other marine gastropods cohabiting with hermit crabs of the genus ...

One of the most important issues in biological invasions is understanding the factors and mechanisms determining the invasion success of non-native species. Theoretical and empirical works have shown that genetic diversity ...

The biogeography and phylogeography concordance hypothesis suggests that the same factors, for instance physical barriers or environmental gradients, shape both species assemblages and intraspecific genetic structure. In ...

In gregarious species with copulation and internal fertilization, male–male competition and female cryptic choice may affect reproductive success of both sexes. We carried out a molecular analysis to study paternity and ...